Scientific Approach in Learning

Scientific Approach in Learning

As we know that there are many approaches or models that can be used in learning, such as discovery / inquiry learning, project based learning, problem based learning, and scientific. in the following I will explain one of the several learning models above, namely the scientific approach. this approach in Permendikbud No. 103 of 2014 explained that the scientific approach consists of five steps, namely:

Observing ( Observing )

In this stage, students use their five senses to observe phenomena that are relevant to what is learned. For example in science learning, students observe plants. In learning English, students can observe people who have conversations. In learning Indonesian, students can read text. In other words, students can observe phenomena directly or through audio-visual media. In this first step, students are expected to be able to find problems, namely the gap of knowledge - anything that is not yet known or cannot be done related to the observed phenomenon. A teacher can help students interpret everything related to the gap of knowledge. Therefore, before starting the learning process, the teacher should first find and prepare the phenomenal students will observe and design observation activities for students to find problems.

Ask ( Questioning )

Students formulate questions about what is unknown or cannot be done related to the observed phenomenon. The questions posed can include questions that require answers in the form of factual, conceptual, and procedural knowledge, to hypothetical questions. The results of this activity are in the form of student questions that are relevant to the indicators in KD. The teacher helps students formulate questions based on a list of things that need or want to know in order to be able to do / create something.

Gathering Information / trying ( Experimenting )

After making a question, then the students collect data through various techniques, for example conducting experiments, observing objects, events and activities, conducting interviews with resource persons, reading textbooks, worksheets , media, references, dictionaries, encyclopedias, mass media , or a series of statistical data. The teacher provides learning resources, worksheets ( worksheets)), media props / experimental equipment, and so on. In addition, the teacher guides and directs students to fill in worksheets, digging up additional information that can be done repeatedly until students get the information or data needed. the results of this stage are a series of data or information relevant to the questions students have formulated.

Reasoning or associating ( Association )

At this stage, students utilize data or information that has been collected to answer questions that have been formulated. Then the teacher directs students to connect the data or information that has been obtained to draw conclusions. The final results at this stage are conclusions which are the answers to the questions formulated in step 2.

Communicating ( Communicating )

In this last stage, students convey answers to questions that have been formulated in front of their classmates, both verbally, media, and writing. At this stage, students can also display or exhibit the results in the classroom, or upload ( upload ) the blog they have. Then the teacher provides feedback, rectifies, provides reinforcement, and provides a broader explanation / information. The teacher helps students to determine important points and conclusions that will be presented, either with or without utilizing information technology.

Note: through the scientific learning approach developed 21st century skills include: literacy, competence, character development.

#MAY BE USEFUL